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374
Comet 1P/374 E1 (Halley) approached within 0.0884 AUs of Earth.
1826
The internal combustion engine was patented by Samuel Morey.
Samuel Morey (October 23, 1762 - April 17, 1843), American inventor, was a pioneer in steamships who accumulated a total of 20 patents, including a patent for the internal combustion engine on April 1, 1826.
1892
A Charlois discovered asteroid #331 Etheridgea.
1912
The Lunar crater Tycho was visible like a bright spot standing in the slate gray shadow of a Lunar eclipse; only Tycho could be seen as an outstanding feature in the eclipse.
1921
K Reinmuth discovered asteroid #950 Ahrensa.
1935
L Boyer discovered asteroid #1344 Caubeta.
1937
K Reinmuth discovered asteroids #1417 Walinskia and #3417 Tamblyn; and M Laugier discovered asteroid #1426 Riviera.
1946
Born, William F Fisher MD, Dallas Texas, astronaut (STS 51-I)
1952
The Big Bang theory was proposed in the journal Physical Review by Alpher, Bethe and Gamow.
1955
Goethe Link Observatory discovered asteroid #1852 Carpenter.
1960 11:45:00 GMT
NASA launched TIROS 1 (Television and InfraRed Observation Satellite), the first weather satellite.
TIROS 1 (Television and InfraRed Observation Satellite), the first weather satellite, launched 1 April 1960, was designed to test the feasibility of obtaining and using TV cloud cover pictures from satellites. The spin-stabilized satellite was 18-sided right prism, 42" (107 cm) across opposite corners and 22" (56 cm) high, with a reinforced baseplate carrying most of the subsystems, and a cover assembly (hat). Spacecraft power was supplied by approximately 9000 0.4"x0.8" (1x2 cm) silicon solar cells mounted on the cover assembly and by 21 nickel-cadmium batteries. A single monopole antenna for reception of ground commands extended out from the top of the cover assembly, and a pair of crossed-dipole telemetry antennas (235 MHz) projected down and diagonally out from the baseplate. Mounted around the edge of the baseplate were five diametrically opposed pairs of small, solid-fuel thrusters that maintained the satellite spin rate between 8 and 12 rpm. The satellite was equipped with two 0.5" (1.27 cm) diameter vidicon TV cameras, one wide angle and one narrow angle, for taking Earth cloud cover pictures. The pictures were transmitted directly to a ground receiving station, or were stored in a tape recorder on board for later playback, depending on whether the satellite was within or beyond the communication range of the station. The satellite performed normally from launch until 15 June 1960, when an electrical power failure prevented further useful TV transmission.
http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/database/MasterCatalog?sc=1960-002B
1965
Syncom 3, the first geosynchronous communications satellite, passed from civilian to military control.
1967
The United States Department of Transportation began operation.
1968
Died, Lev Davidovich Landau, Russian physicist (superconductivity and superfluidity, quantum electrodynamics, nuclear physics and particle physics)
1970
L Chernykh discovered asteroid #1805 Dirikis, #1957 Angara and #1976 Kaverin.
1971 02:53:00 GMT
NASA launched the joint US/Canada ISIS 2 probe to study the ionosphere.
ISIS 2, launched 1 April 1971, was a joint US/Canadian ionospheric observatory instrumented with a sweep- and a fixed-frequency ionosonde, a VLF receiver, energetic and soft particle detectors, an ion mass spectrometer, an electrostatic probe, a retarding potential analyzer, a beacon transmitter, a cosmic noise experiment, and two photometers. Two long crossed-dipole antennas (73 and 18.7 m) were used for the sounding, VLF, and cosmic noise experiments. The spacecraft was spin-stabilized to about 2 rpm after antenna deployment. There were two basic orientation modes for the spacecraft, cartwheel and orbit-aligned. The spacecraft operated approximately the same length of time in each mode, remaining in one mode typically 3 to 5 months. The cartwheel mode with the axis perpendicular to the orbit plane was made available to provide ram and wake data for some experiments for each spin period, rather than for each orbit period. Attitude and spin information was obtained from a three-axis magnetometer and a sun sensor. Control of attitude and spin was possible by means of magnetic torquing. T he experiment package also included a programmable tape recorder with a 1 hour capacity. For nonrecorded observations, data from satellite and subsatellite regions were telemetered when the spacecraft was in the line of sight of a telemetry station. Telemetry stations were located so that primary data coverage was near the 80-deg-W meridian and near Hawaii, Singapore, Australia, England, France, Norway, India, Japan, Antarctica, New Zealand, and Central Africa. NASA support of the ISIS project was terminated on 1 October 1979. A significant amount of experimental data, however, was acquired after this date by the Canadian project team. ISIS 2 operations were terminated in Canada on 9 March 1984. The Radio Research Laboratories (Tokyo, Japan) then requested and received permission to reactivate ISIS 2. Regular ISIS 2 operations were started from Kashima, Japan, in early August 1984. ISIS 2 was deactivated effective 24 January 1990.
http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/database/MasterCatalog?sc=1971-024A
1976
N Chernykh discovered asteroids #2206 Gabrova, #2312 Duboshin, #2361 Gogol, #2606 Odessa, #2722 Abalakin, #2734 Hasek, #2769 Mendeleev, #2849 Shklovskij, #2922 Dikan'ka, #3246 and #3723.
1976
The Apple Computer Company was formed by Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak.
1981
E Bowell discovered asteroid #3480 Abante.
1994
Asteroid #511 Davida (337 km diameter) was observed eclipsing star GSC 62662121.
1997
Comet Hale-Bopp passed perihelion (0.914 AU).
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